Caldeira Lab Scientific Papers

Rau, G.H., K.G. Knaussm W.H. Langer and K. Caldeira. Reducing energy-related CO₂ emissions using accelerated weathering of limestone. Energy (in press).

Roberts, B.W., S.H. Shepard, K. Caldeira, M.E. Cannon, D.G. Eccles, A.J. Grenier and J.F. Freidlin, Harnessing high altitude wind power. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion (in press).

Alendal, G., P.M. Haugan, R. Gangsto, K. Caldeira, E. Adams, P. Brewer, E. Peltzer, G. Rehder, T. Sato and B.X. Chen, Comment on “Fate of rising CO2 droplets in seawater.” Environmental Science and Technology 40 (11) 3653-3654, 2006.

Bala, G., K. Caldeira, A. Mirin, M. Wickett., C. Delire and T.J. Philips, Biogeophysical effects of CO2 fertilization on global climate. Tellus B 58 (5) 620-627, 2006.

Caldeira, K., Forests, climate, and silicate rock weathering. Journal of Geochemical Exploration 88 (1-3) 419-422 Special Issue, 2006.

Pagani, M., K. Caldeira, D. Archer and J.C. Zachos, An ancient carbon mystery. Science 314, 1556-1557, 2006.

Bala, G., K. Caldeira, A. Mirin, M. Wickett and C. Delire, Multicentury changes to the global climate and carbon cycle: Results from a coupled climate and carbon cycle model. Journal of Climate 18 (21) 4531-4544, 2005.

Caldeira, K., M. Akai, P. Brewer, B. Chen, P. Haugan, T. Iwama, P. Johnston, H. Kheshgi, Q. Li, T. Ohsumi, H. Poertner, C. Sabine, Y. Shirayama, J. Thomson. Ocean storage. In: IPCC Special Report on Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage. Prepared by Working Group III of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Metz, B., O. Davidson, H. C. de Coninck, M. Loos, and L. A. Meyer (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 442 pp.

Caldeira, K., and M.E. Wickett, Ocean model predictions of chemistry changes from carbon dioxide emissions to the atmosphere and ocean. Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 110, C09S04, doi:10.1029/2004JC002671, 2005.

Covey C., K Caldeira, M. Hoffert, M. MacCracken, S.H. Schneider and T. Wigley, Comment on “Thernal pollusion causes global warming”. Global and Planetary Change 47 (1) 72-73, 2005.

Gibbard, S., K. Caldeira, G. Bala, T.J. Philips and M. Wickett, Climate effects of global land cover change. Geophysical Research Letters 32 (23) L23705, 2005.

Govindasamy, B., S. Thompson, A. Mirin, M. Wickett, K. Caldeira and C. Delire Increase of carbon cycle feedback with climate sensitivity: results from a coupled climate and carbon cycle model  Tellus B 57 (2) 153 -- 163 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0889.2005.00135.x, 2005.

Grumet, N.S., P.B. Duffy, M.E. Wickett, K. Caldeira, and R.B. Dunbar, Intrabasin comparison of surface radiocarbon levels in the Indian Ocean between coral records and threee-dimensional global ocean models. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 19 (2) GB2010, 2005.

Rampino, M.R., and K. Caldeira, Major perturbation of ocean chemistry and a “Strangelove Ocean” after the end-Permian mass extinction, Terra Nova 17 (6) 554-559,2005.

Doney S.C., K. Lindsay K, Caldeira, J.-M. Campin, H. Drange, J.-C. Dutay, M. Follows, Y. Gao, A. Gnanadesikan, N. Gruber, A. Ishida, F. Joos,G. Madec, E. Maier-Reimer, J. C. Marshall, R. J. Matear, P. Monfray, A. Mouchet, R. Najjar, J. C. Orr, G.-K. Plattner, J. Sarmiento, R. Schlitzer, R. Slater, I. J. Totterdell, M.-F. Weirig, Y. Yamanaka, and A. Yool. Evaluating global ocean carbon models: The importance of realistic physics. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 18 (3): Art. No. GB3017, 2004.

Mueller K, L. Cao, K. Caldeira and A. Jain. Differing methods of accounting ocean carbon sequestration efficiency. Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans 109 (C12): Art. No. C12018, 2004

Matsumoto K, Sarmiento JL, Key RM, Aumont O, Bullister JL, Caldeira K, Campin JM, Doney SC, Drange H, Dutay JC, Follows M, Gao Y, Gnanadesikan A, Gruber N, Ishida A, Joos F, Lindsay K, Maier-Reimer E, Marshall JC, Matear RJ, Monfray P, Mouchet A, Najjar R, Plattner GK, Schlitzer R, Slater R, Swathi PS, Totterdell IJ, Weirig MF, Yamanaka Y, Yool A, Orr JC, Evaluation of ocean carbon cycle models with data-based metrics, Geophysical Research Letters 31, Art No. L007303, 2004.

Thompson SL, Govindasamy B, Mirin A, K. Caldeira, C. Delire, J. Milovich, M. Wickett, and D. Erickson. Quantifying the effects of CO₂-fertilized vegetation on future global climate and carbon dynamics. Geophysical Research Letters 31 (23): Art. No. L23211 DEC 11 2004

Caldeira, K., G. Morgan, D. Baldocchi, P. Brewer, C.-T. Arthur Chen, G.-J. Nabuurs, N. Nakicenovic, P. Robertson, A portfolio of carbon management options, in Towards CO₂ Stabilization: Issues, Strategies, and Consequences, A SCOPE report (Scientific Committee on Problems in the Environment) C. Field and M. Raupach, editors (pp. 103-129, Island Press, Washington DC) 2004.

Hoffert, M.I., and K. Caldeira, Climate change and energy — An overview, Encyclopedia of Energy, C. Cleveland, ed., Academic Press, San Diego, CA, 359-380, 2004.

Caldeira, K., and M.E. Wickett, Anthropogenic carbon and ocean pH, Nature 425, 365-365, 2003.

Caldeira, K., Simulating ocean fertilization: Effectiveness and unintended consequences, in The Carbon Dioxide Dilemma: Promissing Technologies and Policies, National Academy of Engineering, Washington, DC, 53-58, 2003.

Caldeira, K., A.K. Jain, and M.I. Hoffert, Climate sensitivity uncertainty and the need for energy without CO₂ emission, Science 299, 2052-2054, 2003.

Fallon, S.J., T.P. Guilderson, and K. Caldeira, Carbon isotope constraints on vertical mixing and air-sea CO₂ exchange, Geophysical Research Letters 30, Art No. 2289, 2003.

Govindasamy, B., K. Caldeira, and P.B. Duffy, Geoengineering Earth’s radiation balance to mitigate climate change from a quadrupling of CO₂, Global and Planetary Change 37, 157-168, 2003.

Herzog, H., K. Caldeira, and J. Reilly. An issue of permanence: Assessing the effectiveness of ocean carbon sequestration, Climatic Change 59, 293-310, 2003.

Ridgwell, A,J,, M.J. Kennedy, and K. Caldeira, Carbonate deposition, climate stability, and Neoproterozoic ice ages, Science 302, 859-862, 2003.

Wickett, M.E., K. Caldeira and P.B. Duffy, Effect of horizontal grid resolution on simulations of oceanic CFC-11 uptake and direct injection of anthropogenic CO2 , Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans) 108,Art. No. 3189, 2003.

Caldeira, K., What has posterity done for us? It’s not the point (letter), Nature 420, 605-605, 2002.

Caldeira, K., Monitoring ocean storage, Proceedings, IPCC Workshop on Carbon Capture and Storage 2002 (available at: http://arch.rivm.nl/env/int/ipcc/ccs2002.html), 2002.

Caldeira, K., M.E. Wickett, and P.B. Duffy. Depth, radiocarbon and the effectiveness of direct CO₂ injection as an ocean carbon sequestration strategy. Geophysical Research Letters, 10.1029/2001GL014234, 2002.

Duffy, P.B., M.E. Wickett, and K. Caldeira, Effect of horizontal grid resolution on the near-equilibrium solution of a global ocean/sea-ice model, Journal of Geophysical Research (Oceans), 10.1029/2000JC000658, 2002.

Dutay, J.-C., J.L. Bullister, S.C. Doney, J.C. Orr, R. Najjar, K. Caldeira, J.-M. Champin, H. Drange, M. Follows, Y. Gao, N. Gruber, M.W. Hecht, A. Ishida, F. Joos, K. Lindsay, G. Madec, E. Maier-Reimer, J.C. Marshall, R.J. Matear, P. Monfray, G.-K. Plattner, J. Sarmiento, R. Schlitzer, R. Slater, I.J. Totterdell, M.-F. Weirig, Y. Yamanaka, and A. Yool, Evaluation of ocean model ventilation with CFC-11: comparison of 13 global ocean models. Ocean Modelling 4, 89-120, 2002.

Govindasamy, B., S. Thompson, P. Duffy, K. Caldeira and C. Delire, Impact of geoengineering schemes on the terrestrial biosphere. Geophysical Research Letters, 10.1029/2002GL015911, 2002.

Hoffert, M.I., K. Caldeira, G. Benford, D.R. Criswell, C. Green, H. Herzog, J.W. Katzenberger, H.S. Kheshgi, K.S. Lackner, J.S. Lewis, W. Manheimer, J.C. Mankins, G. Marland, M.E. Mauel, L.J. Perkins, M.E. Schlesinger, T. Volk, and T.M.L. Wigley, Advanced technology paths to global climate stability: Energy for a greenhouse planet, Science 295, 981-987, 2002.

Lutz, M., R.L. Dunbar, and K. Caldeira, Regional variability in the vertical flux of particulate organic carbon in the ocean interior, Global Biogeogeochemical Cycles 16, U91-U110, 2002.

Pagani, M., K.H. Freeman, N. Ohkouchi, and K. Caldeira, Comparison of water column [CO_2aq] with sedimentary alkenone-based estimates: A test of the alkenone-CO₂ proxy, Paleoceanography 17, 10.1029/2002PA000756, 2002 .

Randerson, J.T., I.G. Enting, E.A.G. Schuur, K. Caldeira, and I.Y. Fung^, Seasonal and spatial dynamics of troposphere ∆¹⁴CO₂: Post bomb contributions from fossil fuels, oceans, the stratosphere, and the terrestrial biosphere, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 10.1029/2002GB001876, 2002.

Rau, G.H., and K. Caldeira, Minimizing effects of CO₂ storage in oceans (letter). Science 276, 275-276, 2002.

Caldeira, K., H. Herzog, and Wickett, M. Predicting and Evaluating the Effectiveness of Ocean Carbon Sequestration by Direct Injection, Proceedings, First National Conference on Carbon Sequestration, Washington, DC, May 14-17 (available at: http://www.netl.doe.gov/publications/proceedings/01/carbon_seq/p48.pdf), 2001.

Govindasamy, B., P.B. Duffy, and K. Caldeira, Land use changes and Northern Hemisphere cooling, Geophysical Research Letters 28, 291-294, 2001.

Herzog, H., K. Caldeira and E. Adams, Carbon Sequestration via Direct Injection. In J H Steele, S A Thorpe and K K Turekian (eds) Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences Vol. 1, pp 408 - 414.  London, UK: Academic Press, 2001.

Caldeira, K., and P.B. Duffy, The role of the Southern Ocean in uptake and storage of anthropogenic carbon dioxide, Science 287, 620-622, 2000.

Caldeira, K., M.I. Hoffert, and A. Jain, Simple ocean carbon cycle models, in The Carbon Cycle, T.M.L. Wigley and D.S. Schimel, eds., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 199-211, 2000.

Caldeira, K., and G.H. Rau, Accelerating carbonate dissolution to sequester carbon dioxide in the ocean: Geochemical implications, Geophysical Research Letters, 27, 225-228, 2000.

Govindasamy, B., and K. Caldeira, Geoengineering Earth’s radiation balance to mitigate CO₂-induced climate change, Geophysical Research Letters 27, 2141-2144, 2000.

Guilderson, T.P., K. Caldeira, and P.B. Duffy, Radiocarbon as a diagnostic tracer in ocean and carbon cycle modeling, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 14, 887-902, 2000.

Caldeira, K., and Berner, R., Seawater pH and atmospheric carbon dioxide (Technical comment), Science 286, 2043a-2043a, 1999.

Duffy, P.B., and Caldeira, K.G. Sensitivity of simulated salinities in a three dimensional ocean general circulation model to vertical mixing of destabilizing surface fluxes, Climate Dynamics 15, 81-88, 1999.

Hoffert, M.I, Caldeira, K., Covey, C., Duffy, P.B., and Santer, B., Solar variability and anthropogenic climate change (reply), Nature 401, 764-764, 1999.

Kerrick, D.M., and Caldeira, K., Was the Himalayan orogen a climatically-significant coupled source and sink for atmospheric CO₂ during the Cenozoic? Earth and Planetary Science Letters 173, 195-203, 1999.

Rau, G.H., and Caldeira, K. Enhanced carbonate dissolution: A means of sequestering waste CO₂ as ocean bicarbonate. Energy Conversion and Management 40, 1803-1813, 1999.

Caldeira, K. Too intelligent for our own good (letter). Nature 395, p. 9, 1998.

Caldeira, K., and R.A. Berner, The need for mass balance and feedback in the geochemical carbon cycle: Reply, Geology 26, 478-478, 1998.

Caldeira, K., and P.B. Duffy, Sensitivity of simulated CFC-11 distributions in a global ocean model to the treatment of salt rejected during sea-ice formation, Geophysical Research Letters 25, 1003-1006, 1998.

Caldeira, K., G.H. Rau, and P.B. Duffy, Predicted net efflux of radiocarbon from the ocean and increase in atmospheric radiocarbon content, Geophysical Research Letters 25, 3811-3814, 1998.

Kerrick, D.M. and K. Caldeira, Metamorphic CO₂ degassing from orogenic belts, Chemical Geology 145 213-232, 1998.

Hoffert M.I., K. Caldeira, A.K. Jain, E.F. Haites, L.D.D. Harvey, S. D. Potter, M.E. Schlesinger, S. H. Schneider, R.G. Watts, T. M. L Wigley, and D. J. Wuebbles. Energy implications of future stabilization of atmospheric CO₂ content. Nature 395, 881-884, 1998.

Stephens, B.B., Keeling, R.F., Sarmiento, J., Six, K., Murnane, R., and K. Caldeira, Atmospheric oxygen as a test of ocean carbon cycle models, Global Biogeochemical Cycles 12, 213-230, 1998.

Berner, R.A., and K. Caldeira, The need for mass balance and feedback in the geochemical carbon cycle, Geology 25, 955-956, 1997.

Duffy, P. B., and K. Caldeira, Sensitivity of simulated salinity in a three-dimensional ocean model to upper-ocean transport of salt from sea-ice formation, Geophysical Research Letters 24, 1323-1326, 1997.

Duffy, P.B., K. Caldeira, J. Selvaggi, and M.I. Hoffert, Effect of subgrid scale mixing parameterizations on simulated distributions of natural ¹⁴C, temperature, and salinity in a three-dimensional ocean general circulation model, Journal of Physical Oceanography 27, 498-523, 1997.

Wehner, M.F., P.G. Eltgroth, A.A. Mirin, P.B. Duffy, K.G. Caldeira, J.H. Bolstad, H. Wang, C.M. Matarazzo and U. Creach, Comprehensive climate system modeling on massively parallel computers, Mission Earth: Modeling and Simulation for a Sustainable Global System, 37-42, M.G. Clymer and C.R. Mechoso, eds., Society for Computer Simulation International, San Diego, California, 1997.

Caldeira, K., Late Permian extinctions (corr.), Science 274, 1550-1551, 1996.

Caldeira, K., IPCC report, chapter and verse (corr.), Nature 383, 214-214, 1996.

Caldeira, K., Long-term control of atmospheric carbon dioxide: low temperature sea-floor alteration or terrestrial silicate-rock weathering?, American Journal of Science 295, 1077-1114, 1995.

Duffy, P.B., and K. Caldeira, A three-dimensional model calculation of ocean uptake of bomb ¹⁴C and implications for the global budget of bomb ¹⁴C, Global Biogeochemical Cycles 9, 373-375, 1995.

Duffy, P.B., P. Eltgroth, A. J. Bourgeois, and K. Caldeira, Effect of improved subgrid scale transport of tracers on uptake of bomb radiocarbon in the GFDL ocean general circulation model, Geophysical Research Letters 22, 1065-1068, 1995.

Kerrick, D.M., M.A. McKibbon, T.M. Seward, and K. Caldeira, Convective hydrothermal CO₂ emissions from high heat flow regions, Chemical Geology 121, 285-293, 1995.

Kerrick, D.M. and K. Caldeira, Post-125 Ma carbon storage associated with continent-continent collision — comment. Geology 22, 381-382, 1994.

Rampino, M.R. and K. Caldeira, The Goldilocks problem: climatic evolution and long-term habitability of terrestrial planets, Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics 32, 83-114, 1994.

Caldeira, K., Arthur, M.A., Berner, R.A. and Lasaga, A.C., Cooling in the late Cenozoic (sci. corr.), Nature 361, 123-124, 1993.

Caldeira, K. and J.F. Kasting, Insensitivity of global warming potentials to carbon dioxide emission scenarios, Nature 366, 251-253, 1993.

Caldeira, K. and M.R. Rampino, Aftermath of the end-Cretaceous mass extinction — possible biogeochemical stabilization of the carbon cycle and climate, Paleoceanography 8, 515-525, 1993.

Kerrick, D.M. and K. Caldeira, Paleoatmospheric consequences of CO₂ released during Eocene regional metamorphism in the Tethyan orogen, Chemical Geology 108, 201-230, 1993.

Rampino, M.R. and Caldeira, K., Major episodes of geologic change - correlations, time structure and possible causes., Earth and Planetary Science Letters 114, 215-227, 1993.

Caldeira, K., Enhanced Cenozoic chemical weathering and the subduction of pelagic carbonate, Nature 357, 578-581, 1992.

Caldeira, K. and Kasting, J.F., Life span of the biosphere revisited, Nature 360, 721-723, 1992.

Caldeira, K. and Kasting, J.F., Susceptibility of the early Earth to irreversible glaciation caused by CO₂ clouds, Nature 359, 226-228, 1992.

Caldeira, K. and Rampino, M.R., Mount Etna CO₂ may affect climate (sci. corr.), Nature 355, 401-402, 1992.

Rampino, M.R. and Caldeira, K., Antipodal hotspots on the Earth, Geophysical Research Letters 19, 2011-2014, 1992.

Rampino, M.R. and Caldeira, K., Episodes of terrestrial geological activity during the past 260 million years: A quantitative approach, Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy 54, 143-159, 1992.

Caldeira, K., Evolutionary pressures on planktonic dimethylsulfide production, in, Schneider, S.H. and Boston, P., eds., Scientists on Gaia, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 153-158, 1991.

Caldeira, K., Continental-pelagic carbonate partitioning and the global carbonate-silicate cycle, Geology 19, 204-206, 1991.

Caldeira, K. and Rampino, M.R., The mid-Cretaceous super plume, carbon dioxide, and global warming, Geophysical Research Letters 18, 987-990, 1991.

Caldeira, K. and Rampino, M.R., Carbon dioxide emissions from Deccan volcanism and a K/T boundary greenhouse effect, Geophysical Research Letters 17, 1299-1302, 1990.

Caldeira, K., Evolutionary pressures on planktonic production of atmospheric sulphur, Nature 337, 632-634, 1989